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1.5.5. Efficient reduction of nitrogen oxides emissions in the boiler furnaces

  • 1.5.5. Efficient reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions in the boiler furnaces by means of aerodynamic optimization of the staged fuel combustion

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

     V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    Introduction

    For the last 30 years personnel of Boiler Plants and Ecology in Power Engineering Department of the Moscow Power Engineering Institute – MPEI (TU) in collaboration with the staff from thermal power plants and design organizations have been widely implementing the methods of staged combustion of gas, oil and coal. For that purpose more than 100 power and water-heating boilers of different types were reconstructed. The main goal of this activity was to improve dependability and efficiency of boilers as well as to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions into atmosphere.

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  • 1.5.5.1. Complex operational effectiveness of gas- and oil-fired furnaces with the vertical direct-flow swirling flame

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

     V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    A layout scheme of burners for combustion of oil and gas in direct-flow swirling flame (DFSF) with vertical axis of rotation of flue gases [5] was initially introduced in 1978 at BKZ-160-100GM boiler at Efremovskaya TPP of Tulenergo.

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  • 1.5.5.2. Improvement of dependability, economical and ecological effectiveness of gas- and oil-fired boilers of PTVM type

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

     V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    Complex effectiveness of boilers with the aerodynamic direct-flow swirling flame (DFSF) at high two-sided location of direct-flow burners and their sharp slope down is presented in item 1.5.5.1. Similar principles of burner location were used in technology of oil and gas combustion in boilers of PTVM type.

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  • 1.5.5.3. An efficiency of high location of double-sided and strongly inclined nozzles of secondary blast at boilers with bottom burners

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

     V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    At oil- and gas-fired boilers with bottom eddy burners a problem relating to reliable operation of furnace screens at oil combustion, has been worked out. At the same time a problem on ensuring a reliable operation of metal of screens and convective superheater packages at gas combustion, became sharper. In addition, specific emissions of nitrogen oxides are several times higher than the standard values at oil combustion and, especially, at natural gas combustion.

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  • 1.5.5.4. An efficiency of application of the combined “nozzle – direct-flow oil burner” unit

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

     V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    At drum oil-gas boilers with front two-layer layout of vortex burners (for example, at boilers TGM-84, TGM-151-B, etc.) a gas combustion mode, using one and two burner layers, is practiced. When burning oil to raise a temperature of the superheated steam, burners of the third layer, are put into operation.

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  • 1.5.5.5. An efficiency of three-staged coal combustion in the U-shaped flame at BKZ-210-140FD(F) boilers of OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

     V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    Before reconstruction BKZ-210-140FD boilers of OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP” were equipped with six dust, gas and oil burners of a snail-type, set by three at the side walls of the furnace under triangle scheme with its vertex down. By that, two top burners were installed at a mark of 10,7 m , and the lower burner –at a mark of 9.8 m.

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  • 1.5.5.6. An efficiency of application of tertiary blasting in furnaces, equipped with tangential burners

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

    V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    In 2003 a low-cost reconstruction of BKZ-210-140F boiler of “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP” was carried out. Its goal was to increase the economical efficiency and dependability of kuznetsky coal combustion with the changing volatile content, as well as to stabilize a level of the superheated steam, and reduce specific emissions of nitrogen oxides. This boiler was equipped with four tangentially directed burners, like a "layer cake", set in the corner zones of the side furnace walls.

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  • 1.5.5.7. Results of the first phase of TP-87 slag-tap boiler adjustment at three-staged air supply into the flame of direct-flow burners

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

    V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    TP-87 boiler of OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP” was reconstructed in 2005 under development of Boiler Plants and Ecology in Power Engineering Department of the Moscow Power Engineering Institute – MPEI TU and according to the project of OJSC “CKB Energoremont”. A layout diagram of burners and nozzles, as well as of the feeding air lines in the longitudinal furnace section is shown in Fig. 1.85.

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  • 1.5.5.8. Complex solution of combustion problems at hot water boilers of KVGM-180 type

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

    V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    Hot water boilers of KVGM-180 type have several advantages in comparison with PTVM boilers. They include: high altitude of the furnace with a lifting flow of water in the screen pipes at two-flow circulation scheme; arrangement of convective packages in the downtaking ducts; ensuring shot-blast cleaning of pipes; installation of two speed fan blowing and exhauster, as well as equipping the boiler with the gas recirculation exhauster.

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  • 1.5.5.9. On necessity of changing the approaches to certification of oil section of direct-flow burners

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

    V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    A decisive disadvantage of burners of reconstructed KVGM-180 boilers is that they are not certified in the prescribed manner by the industry organizations that have the corresponding permission. Moreover, according to information, gained by the designers of burners, an obstacle to that is unsatisfactory performance at ignition from the cold condition. In this connection it is necessary to note the following.

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  • Conclusions to it 1.5.5

    A.M. Arkhipov, MPEI (TU); A.A. Vagner, OJSC “RAO UES of Russia”; N.I. Solovyev, OJSC CKB “Energoremont”;

    V.V. Abramov, OJSC “Zapadno-Sibirskaya TPP”

    1. In process of staged combustion of different fuel types, the key role belongs to optimization of the flame aerodynamics, especially, in the area of its interaction with the tertiary (secondary) blast.

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  • References to it. 1.5.5
    1. Архипов А.М., Юрков Д.А. Трехмерное численное моделирование аэродинамики топочного объема котла в изотермических условиях // Электрические станции. 1999. № 11. С. 17—20.

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