H.-J. Feuerborn, ECOBA, European Coal Combustion Products Association, Essen, Germany

 In Europe, coal combustion products (CCPs) are mainly utilised as a replacement for natural materials in the building material industry, in civil engineering, in road construction, for construction work in underground coal mining as well as for recultivation and restoration purposes in open cast mines. The majority of the CCPs are produced to meet certain requirements of standards or other specifications with respect to utilisation in certain areas.